Large engineering knowledge bases

We did not touch problems like maintenance of large knowledge-bases, because this requires more experience which can be obtained only from practice of using large knowledge-bases. Finally, it seems that a realistic way to get a universal engineering knowledge-base is by evolutionary development. This reminds us again how people are being taught. The crucial question in this case will be the ability of a knowledge-base system to perceive the knowledge, i.e. " to learn " gradually. 11 knowledge of the first of them. However, it was difficult to make them compatible on the user level, because the user interface of the second package was based on the expert knowledge in filter design, whereas the language of the circuit analysis package was a formalised language for circuit description. These two packages present a good example of conceptualisation of a problem domain. They contain a hierarchy of concepts starting from basic laws (arithmetics of complex numbers and Ohm's law) and growing up to devices like Butterworth, Chebyshev and Bessel filters: